What Is Hurricane Storm Surge, and Why Can It Be So Catastrophic?_我的网站
A | 8月26日消息，近日有小米SU7车主在社交平台发帖，分享了自己前不久遭遇突发连续追尾事故时的特殊经历，故事里的满满暖意很快打动了大量网友。
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By Anthony C. Didlake Jr.
Of all the hazards that hurricanes bring, storm surge is the greatest threat to life and property along the coast. It can sweep homes off their foundations, flood riverside communities miles inland, and break up dunes and levees that normally protect coastal areas against storms.
As a hurricane reaches the coast, it pushes a huge volume of ocean water ashore. This is what we call storm surge.
This surge appears as a gradual rise in the water level as the storm approaches. Depending on the size and track of the hurricane, storm surge flooding can last for several hours. It then recedes after the storm passes.
Water level heights during a hurricane can reach 20 feet or more above normal sea level. With powerful waves on top of it, a hurricane’s storm surge can cause catastrophic damage.
What determines how high storm surge gets?
Storm surge begins over the open ocean. The strong winds of a hurricane push the ocean waters around and cause water to pile up under the storm. The low air pressure of the storm also plays a small role in lifting the water level. The height and extent of this pile of water depend on the strength and size of the hurricane.
As this pile of water moves toward the coast, other factors can change its height and extent.
If a coastal area has a sea floor that gently slopes away from the coastline, it’s more likely to see a higher storm surge than an area with a steeper drop-off. Gentle slopes along the Louisiana and Texas coasts have contributed to some devastating storm surges. Hurricane Katrina’s surge in 2005 broke levees and flooded New Orleans. Hurricane Ike’s 15- to 17-foot storm surge and waves swept hundreds of homes off Texas’ Bolivar Peninsula in 2008. Both were large, powerful storms that hit in vulnerable locations.
The shape of the coastline can also shape the surge. When storm surge enters a bay or river, the geography of the land can act as a funnel, sending the water even higher.
Other factors that shape storm surge
Ocean tides – caused by the gravity of the moon and sun – can also strengthen or weaken the impact of storm surge. So, it’s important to know the timing of the local tides compared to the hurricane landfall.
At high tide, the water is already at an elevated height. If landfall happens at high tide, the storm surge will cause even higher water levels and bring more water further inland. The Carolinas saw those effects when Hurricane Isaias hit at close to high tide on Aug. 3, 2020. Isaias brought a storm surge of about 4 feet at Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, but the water level was more than 10 feet above normal.
How storm surge and high tide add up to coastal flooding.(The COMET Program/UCAR and National Weather Service)
Sea level rise is another growing concern that influences storm surge.
As water warms, it expands, and that has slowly raised sea level over the past century as global temperatures have risen. Freshwater from melting of ice sheets and glaciers also adds to sea level rise. Together, they elevate the background ocean height. When a hurricane arrives, the higher ocean means storm surge can bring water further inland, to a more dangerous and widespread effect.
C | 慌乱之中他根本没法自己拨打电话求助，万幸他的小米SU7在感应到剧烈碰撞之后，系统自动触发紧急求助机制拨打了120急救电话，直接为他争取到了最宝贵的救治时间，没过多久救护车就赶到了事故现场。他意识尚且模糊慌乱的时候，就接到了小米道路救援主动打来的电话。
负责对接他的小米汽车杭州石祥西路店售后店长杜猛，第一时间在电话里和他确认情况，哪怕当时车主已经没办法说出清晰的求助信息，只能提供模糊的定位，杜猛还是从电话背景里嘈杂的隧道车流声中，敏锐判断出车主大概率是被困在了附近的隧道当中。 为了第一时间给车主提供帮助，杜猛特意带上了冰块、毛巾和全套急救包，连夜驱车沿着附近所有隧道沿途搜寻，最终顺利在文一西路隧道找到了被困在事故车辆里的车主。
D | 彼时处理事故的交警才刚刚抵达现场，杜猛最先顾及的是车主的人身安全，第一时间上前安抚他的情绪，全程陪同协助医护人员把车主送往附近的医院救治。 等车主进入诊室接受检查之后，杜猛也没有先行离开，一直守在抢救室外边耐心等候，默默陪护了整整两个小时，直到车主的家人匆匆从外地赶到医院，确认车主身体没有大碍之后，他悬了许久的心才终于放下来。 刚经历完惊魂一刻的车主根本顾不上留在事故现场的受损车辆，等他情绪渐渐平复下来，时间已经到了凌晨两点多。杜猛悄悄独自折返回到事故现场，围着事故地点一圈圈排查，最终顺利找到了车主的小米SU7，把车安全开到医院交到了车主父亲手里，全程尽心尽责没有半句怨言，大半夜来回奔波，就是为了帮车主把所有后续麻烦全部料理妥当，不让他和家人有任何后顾之忧。 这位车主把自己的经历发到网上之后，很快引发了大量网友的点赞转发，雷军看到相关帖子之后也第一时间出面回应，不仅为车主送上了早日康复的祝福，也特意为小米汽车售后团队这次暖心尽责的表现点名点赞。
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